A Heavy Infection Macro-cysts of Sarcocystis Spp. Case in a Najdi Sheep at Buraidah Slaughter House, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad Ali Al-wabel,
Shawkat Mohamed Fat'hi
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
96-98
Received:
1 August 2020
Accepted:
12 August 2020
Published:
31 August 2020
Abstract: Background: Protozoal diseases caused by Sarcocystis species can cause serious damage in sheep and goats flocks, inducing decreased growth conversion rates and partial or complete condemnation of carcasses at the slaughter house. Sarcocystis spp. affecting sheep and goats are host specific for their intermediate hosts and family specific for their final hosts. They derive their name from the intramuscular cyst stage present in the intermediate host. Objective: Macro and micro identification of macro-cysts of Sarcocystis spp. affecting a Najdi sheep carcass. Method: Detection of macrosarcocystis during routine post mortem examination and identification the detected cyst by histopathological investigation. Result: The macroscopic sarcocysts were found cleared and scattered in almost all skeletal muscles including shoulder, chest and diaphragm as well as thigh. Both morphological and histopathological characteristics indicated that the detected cysts may be identified as Sarcocystis gigantea. Conclusion: It is a case study of macro-cysts of Sarcocystis spp. affecting local breed of Najdi sheep. It is considered a seldom detected case all over many years during meat inspection at Buraidah slaughter house. The possible control measures are those of simple hygiene. Farm dogs should not be housed in, or allowed access to, fodder stores nor should they be allowed to defecate in pens where livestock are housed. It is also important that they are not fed uncooked meat.
Abstract: Background: Protozoal diseases caused by Sarcocystis species can cause serious damage in sheep and goats flocks, inducing decreased growth conversion rates and partial or complete condemnation of carcasses at the slaughter house. Sarcocystis spp. affecting sheep and goats are host specific for their intermediate hosts and family specific for their ...
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Prevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus Antibodies in Apparently Healthy Chickens in Sierra Leone
Abdulai Mahmood Conteh,
Sheku Kenway Moiforay,
Mahmud Emkay Sesay,
Sanpha Kallon
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
99-103
Received:
24 April 2020
Accepted:
19 May 2020
Published:
8 September 2020
Abstract: The study was conducted in the southern province of Sierra Leone for a period of seven months (March – September 2019). The main objective of the study was to investigate the seroprevalence level of Newcastle disease antibodies in apparently healthy free-range chickens in selected chiefdoms in the Moyamba District of Sierra Leone. A total of three hundred and thirty-three chickens were included in the study. Sera samples collected were analyzed using competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The result of the investigation revealed an overall prevalence of 56.4% from which 21.6% and 34.8% were male and female chickens respectively. Kaiyamba chiefdom recorded the highest antibodies (73.9%), followed by Lower Banta (53.1%) and Bumpe (42.3%) chiefdoms. The difference in the prevalence of each category showed that adult female chickens were the most susceptible (67.5%) to Newcastle disease followed by the growers (55.8%) and adult male chickens (45.9%). Due to the lack of Newcastle disease vaccination history in the study areas, indigenous chickens had been exposed to the disease naturally in all the chiefdoms. Raising awareness about the disease through effective extension programs and improved animal healthcare services and husbandry practices is of great importance.
Abstract: The study was conducted in the southern province of Sierra Leone for a period of seven months (March – September 2019). The main objective of the study was to investigate the seroprevalence level of Newcastle disease antibodies in apparently healthy free-range chickens in selected chiefdoms in the Moyamba District of Sierra Leone. A total of three ...
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Effect of the Nutrient Composition of Biodegraded Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Fruit Peel on the Growth Performance of Starter Broiler Chicks
Timothy Adewale Odunlade,
Oluwabiyi Ikeolu Atanda Oluremi,
Favour Bette Patrick Abang
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
104-109
Received:
11 August 2020
Accepted:
22 August 2020
Published:
24 September 2020
Abstract: A twenty-eight (28) day feeding trial was conducted to determine the nutrient composition of biodegraded sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) fruit peel and its potential as an energy source in the nutrition of starter broiler chicks. Rumen content was collected from freshly slaughtered cattle and, fresh sweet orange fruit peels (SOP) were collected from orange fruit retailers. The rumen content was mixed with water at ratio 1kg: 1Land sieved to obtain rumen filtrate (RF). The fresh sweet orange peels were divided into four equal parts in weight; T1, T2, T3 and T4, and soaked in the rumen filtrate at ratio 1 kg: 1 L in air-tight bags for 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h, respectively. The biodegraded sweet orange peels (BSOP) were sun-dried to a moisture level of about 10%, milled and each used to replace 30% of maize in the control diet (CD) to obtain broiler starter test diets T1D, T2D, T3D and T4D, respectively. Chemical analyses were carried out to determine their proximate composition and fibre fractions while, metabolizable energy content was calculated. The results showed that BSOP contained CP, CF, EE, Ash, NFE and metabolizable energy in the range of 6.78%-7.30%, 10.36%-12.30%, 1.88%-2.65%, 7.79%-11.76%, 66.04%-72.46% and 2829.44 kcal/kg-3037.97 kcal/kg, respectively. The BSOP had ADF, NDF, ADL, hemicellulose and cellulose in the range of 19.50%-22.50%, 52.30%-56.70%, 6.80%-8.40%, 32.80%-34.20%and 12.90%-14.40%, respectively. A total of one hundred and eighty day old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments replicated three times with equal number and similar weights in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets had significant (p<0.05) on the final weight, weight gain feed intake, feed conversion ratio, protein intake, protein efficiency ratio and mortality. The birds fed the BSOP based diets had similar non-significant (p>0.05) and inferior values to the birds on the maize based control diet suggesting that time duration of 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h given for biodegradation of sweet orange peel could not enhance its nutrients. Biodegradation of sweet orange fruit peel for a time frame of 12 h to 48 h yielded a feed ingredient with a relatively high crude fibre, which lowered the growth rate of starter broiler chicks and cannot be used to formulate starter chicks diet at 30% maize replacement.
Abstract: A twenty-eight (28) day feeding trial was conducted to determine the nutrient composition of biodegraded sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) fruit peel and its potential as an energy source in the nutrition of starter broiler chicks. Rumen content was collected from freshly slaughtered cattle and, fresh sweet orange fruit peels (SOP) were collected from...
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Morphological Indices and Carcass Measurements of Indigenous Breeds of Rams Intensively Fattened
Akinleye Sule Bamidele,
Luka Sabo James,
Afolabi Kolawole Daniel,
Akinsola Saheed Olatunde,
Adeyemi Saheed Abimbade
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
110-116
Received:
26 May 2020
Accepted:
22 July 2020
Published:
28 September 2020
Abstract: Growth rate assessment is an important husbandry practice often carried out in livestock breeding and fattening. Meat production is the most important trait in the breeding objectives of sheep production. Useful information on the suitability of the animals for meat production could be evaluated on a morphological basis. The aim of this study was to investigate breed differences in liveweight, carcass traits and muscle distribution for meat characteristics among Balami (BA), Uda (UD), Yankasa (YK) and West African Dwarf rams (WAD). A total of forty-eight rams were randomly assigned into four groups of twelve rams per breed in a completely randomized design. Body linear measurements were obtained weekly during the fattening period. At the end of the feeding trial, animals were subjected to an 18-hours fast and slaughtered for carcass measurements and muscle distribution. Results showed that BA and UD had higher values for body length (115.75±4.25 and110.25±1.89cm), withers height (70.50±5.57and69.00±2.16cm) and heartgirth (92.00±2.94and84.00±1.41cm), than YK (96.50±3.87, 60.75±3.30 and 76.75±0.96cm), respectively which in turn had higher values than WAD (86.50±5.20, 53.25±5.32 and 75.25±3.30cm). Carcass length, pistol length, and leg length were75.75±4.79,60.75±7.14 and 88.00±2.16; 75.50±4.66, 56.00±5.00 and 80.25±5.80; 59.00±7.79, 56.00±10.62 and 71.50±2.65; 60.50±3.11, 53.75±5.91 and 61.00±2.94cm for BA, UD, YK and WAD rams, respectively. BA and UD had higher proportion of muscle distribution and were generally better than the YK and WAD breeds. This may boost their potential for large scale meat production under fattening conditions.
Abstract: Growth rate assessment is an important husbandry practice often carried out in livestock breeding and fattening. Meat production is the most important trait in the breeding objectives of sheep production. Useful information on the suitability of the animals for meat production could be evaluated on a morphological basis. The aim of this study was t...
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