<i>Borassus aethiopum</i> Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent

Tagouelbe Tiho; Zegoua Regis Ngatta; Gningnini Alain Kone; Kouame Bertin Kouadio

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13

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Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent

Tagouelbe Tiho, Zegoua Regis Ngatta, Gningnini Alain Kone, Kouame Bertin Kouadio

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 6)

Received: 16 November 2020 Accepted: 25 November 2020 Published: 8 December 2020

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Abstract

The essay assessed Borassus aethiopum (B.a) ripe fruits’ dried pulp effect on egg yolk coloration. First, thirty-six Harco laying hens, 42 weeks old with similar weight (α=0.05) were allotted in 12 cages of 4m² (2m x 2m, respectively for length x width) each. Second, 4 laying hens’ diets were formulated; a yellow corn-based diet (YC), a white corn-based diet (WC), a white corn-based diet supplemented with 10% of B.a mature fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a), and finally a white corn-based diet supplemented with 20% of B.a ripe fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a). During the evaluations, similar eggs for weights were analyzed. As a result, rich pigment diets formed a group and produced the heaviest egg yolk compared to the WC diet, for 13.94+0.16 g versus 13.64+0.16 g. Whereas, WC diet delivered the heaviest albumin weights, 31.92+0.33 g versus 29.27+0.33 g for WC+10%B.a which had the lightest weight. Looking at eggs’ yolks color, Roche yolk color fan distinguished just 2 levels whose were the pale egg yolk from WC graded 1, and the intense colored yolks group graded 6. A spectrophotometer reflectance method helped for better yolks color distinctions. The yolks’ yellow colors from WC+10%B.a (b*=52.29), WC+20%B.a (b*=52.49) and YC (b*=52.22) were similar (p=0.7278). But, the WC+10%B.a diet egg yolk color was significantly higher than that of WC (b*=20.70; p<0.0001). In conclusion, Borassus aethiopum mature fruits’ dried pulp can be incorporated into laying hens feed as natural pigments’ source.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13
Page(s)	133-138
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Borassus aethiopum, Natural Pigment, White Corn-Based Diet, Yolk Color, Yolk Weight

References

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APA Style

Tagouelbe Tiho, Zegoua Regis Ngatta, Gningnini Alain Kone, Kouame Bertin Kouadio. (2020). Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 8(6), 133-138. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13

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ACS Style

Tagouelbe Tiho; Zegoua Regis Ngatta; Gningnini Alain Kone; Kouame Bertin Kouadio. Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2020, 8(6), 133-138. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13

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AMA Style

Tagouelbe Tiho, Zegoua Regis Ngatta, Gningnini Alain Kone, Kouame Bertin Kouadio. Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent. Anim Vet Sci. 2020;8(6):133-138. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13,
  author = {Tagouelbe Tiho and Zegoua Regis Ngatta and Gningnini Alain Kone and Kouame Bertin Kouadio},
  title = {Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {6},
  pages = {133-138},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20200806.13},
  abstract = {The essay assessed Borassus aethiopum (B.a) ripe fruits’ dried pulp effect on egg yolk coloration. First, thirty-six Harco laying hens, 42 weeks old with similar weight (α=0.05) were allotted in 12 cages of 4m2 (2m x 2m, respectively for length x width) each. Second, 4 laying hens’ diets were formulated; a yellow corn-based diet (YC), a white corn-based diet (WC), a white corn-based diet supplemented with 10% of B.a mature fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a), and finally a white corn-based diet supplemented with 20% of B.a ripe fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a). During the evaluations, similar eggs for weights were analyzed. As a result, rich pigment diets formed a group and produced the heaviest egg yolk compared to the WC diet, for 13.94+0.16 g versus 13.64+0.16 g. Whereas, WC diet delivered the heaviest albumin weights, 31.92+0.33 g versus 29.27+0.33 g for WC+10%B.a which had the lightest weight. Looking at eggs’ yolks color, Roche yolk color fan distinguished just 2 levels whose were the pale egg yolk from WC graded 1, and the intense colored yolks group graded 6. A spectrophotometer reflectance method helped for better yolks color distinctions. The yolks’ yellow colors from WC+10%B.a (b*=52.29), WC+20%B.a (b*=52.49) and YC (b*=52.22) were similar (p=0.7278). But, the WC+10%B.a diet egg yolk color was significantly higher than that of WC (b*=20.70; pBorassus aethiopum mature fruits’ dried pulp can be incorporated into laying hens feed as natural pigments’ source.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent
AU  - Tagouelbe Tiho
AU  - Zegoua Regis Ngatta
AU  - Gningnini Alain Kone
AU  - Kouame Bertin Kouadio
Y1  - 2020/12/08
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 133
EP  - 138
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13
AB  - The essay assessed Borassus aethiopum (B.a) ripe fruits’ dried pulp effect on egg yolk coloration. First, thirty-six Harco laying hens, 42 weeks old with similar weight (α=0.05) were allotted in 12 cages of 4m2 (2m x 2m, respectively for length x width) each. Second, 4 laying hens’ diets were formulated; a yellow corn-based diet (YC), a white corn-based diet (WC), a white corn-based diet supplemented with 10% of B.a mature fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a), and finally a white corn-based diet supplemented with 20% of B.a ripe fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a). During the evaluations, similar eggs for weights were analyzed. As a result, rich pigment diets formed a group and produced the heaviest egg yolk compared to the WC diet, for 13.94+0.16 g versus 13.64+0.16 g. Whereas, WC diet delivered the heaviest albumin weights, 31.92+0.33 g versus 29.27+0.33 g for WC+10%B.a which had the lightest weight. Looking at eggs’ yolks color, Roche yolk color fan distinguished just 2 levels whose were the pale egg yolk from WC graded 1, and the intense colored yolks group graded 6. A spectrophotometer reflectance method helped for better yolks color distinctions. The yolks’ yellow colors from WC+10%B.a (b*=52.29), WC+20%B.a (b*=52.49) and YC (b*=52.22) were similar (p=0.7278). But, the WC+10%B.a diet egg yolk color was significantly higher than that of WC (b*=20.70; pBorassus aethiopum mature fruits’ dried pulp can be incorporated into laying hens feed as natural pigments’ source.
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Tagouelbe Tiho

Department of Agriculture and Animal Resources (ARA), Graduate School of Agriculture, National Polytechnic Institute Felix Houphouet-Boigny (INP-HB), Yamoussoukro, Cote d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Zegoua Regis Ngatta

Department of Agriculture and Animal Resources (ARA), Graduate School of Agriculture, National Polytechnic Institute Felix Houphouet-Boigny (INP-HB), Yamoussoukro, Cote d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Gningnini Alain Kone

Department of Agriculture and Animal Resources (ARA), Graduate School of Agriculture, National Polytechnic Institute Felix Houphouet-Boigny (INP-HB), Yamoussoukro, Cote d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Kouame Bertin Kouadio

Department of Agriculture and Animal Resources (ARA), Graduate School of Agriculture, National Polytechnic Institute Felix Houphouet-Boigny (INP-HB), Yamoussoukro, Cote d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)

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APA Style

Tagouelbe Tiho, Zegoua Regis Ngatta, Gningnini Alain Kone, Kouame Bertin Kouadio. (2020). Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 8(6), 133-138. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13

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ACS Style

Tagouelbe Tiho; Zegoua Regis Ngatta; Gningnini Alain Kone; Kouame Bertin Kouadio. Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2020, 8(6), 133-138. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13

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AMA Style

Tagouelbe Tiho, Zegoua Regis Ngatta, Gningnini Alain Kone, Kouame Bertin Kouadio. Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent. Anim Vet Sci. 2020;8(6):133-138. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13,
  author = {Tagouelbe Tiho and Zegoua Regis Ngatta and Gningnini Alain Kone and Kouame Bertin Kouadio},
  title = {Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {6},
  pages = {133-138},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20200806.13},
  abstract = {The essay assessed Borassus aethiopum (B.a) ripe fruits’ dried pulp effect on egg yolk coloration. First, thirty-six Harco laying hens, 42 weeks old with similar weight (α=0.05) were allotted in 12 cages of 4m2 (2m x 2m, respectively for length x width) each. Second, 4 laying hens’ diets were formulated; a yellow corn-based diet (YC), a white corn-based diet (WC), a white corn-based diet supplemented with 10% of B.a mature fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a), and finally a white corn-based diet supplemented with 20% of B.a ripe fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a). During the evaluations, similar eggs for weights were analyzed. As a result, rich pigment diets formed a group and produced the heaviest egg yolk compared to the WC diet, for 13.94+0.16 g versus 13.64+0.16 g. Whereas, WC diet delivered the heaviest albumin weights, 31.92+0.33 g versus 29.27+0.33 g for WC+10%B.a which had the lightest weight. Looking at eggs’ yolks color, Roche yolk color fan distinguished just 2 levels whose were the pale egg yolk from WC graded 1, and the intense colored yolks group graded 6. A spectrophotometer reflectance method helped for better yolks color distinctions. The yolks’ yellow colors from WC+10%B.a (b*=52.29), WC+20%B.a (b*=52.49) and YC (b*=52.22) were similar (p=0.7278). But, the WC+10%B.a diet egg yolk color was significantly higher than that of WC (b*=20.70; pBorassus aethiopum mature fruits’ dried pulp can be incorporated into laying hens feed as natural pigments’ source.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Borassus aethiopum Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent
AU  - Tagouelbe Tiho
AU  - Zegoua Regis Ngatta
AU  - Gningnini Alain Kone
AU  - Kouame Bertin Kouadio
Y1  - 2020/12/08
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 133
EP  - 138
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13
AB  - The essay assessed Borassus aethiopum (B.a) ripe fruits’ dried pulp effect on egg yolk coloration. First, thirty-six Harco laying hens, 42 weeks old with similar weight (α=0.05) were allotted in 12 cages of 4m2 (2m x 2m, respectively for length x width) each. Second, 4 laying hens’ diets were formulated; a yellow corn-based diet (YC), a white corn-based diet (WC), a white corn-based diet supplemented with 10% of B.a mature fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a), and finally a white corn-based diet supplemented with 20% of B.a ripe fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a). During the evaluations, similar eggs for weights were analyzed. As a result, rich pigment diets formed a group and produced the heaviest egg yolk compared to the WC diet, for 13.94+0.16 g versus 13.64+0.16 g. Whereas, WC diet delivered the heaviest albumin weights, 31.92+0.33 g versus 29.27+0.33 g for WC+10%B.a which had the lightest weight. Looking at eggs’ yolks color, Roche yolk color fan distinguished just 2 levels whose were the pale egg yolk from WC graded 1, and the intense colored yolks group graded 6. A spectrophotometer reflectance method helped for better yolks color distinctions. The yolks’ yellow colors from WC+10%B.a (b*=52.29), WC+20%B.a (b*=52.49) and YC (b*=52.22) were similar (p=0.7278). But, the WC+10%B.a diet egg yolk color was significantly higher than that of WC (b*=20.70; pBorassus aethiopum mature fruits’ dried pulp can be incorporated into laying hens feed as natural pigments’ source.
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
ER  -

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